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Traceroute exploits the TTL field to discover intermediate routers.

to cover header identification, protocol analysis, and fragmentation, featuring a 20-byte standard header. The lab examines fragmentation via the "More fragments" bit and Fragment Offset field using generated pcapng trace files. For a complete walkthrough of the solution, refer to the guide on CliffsNotes Studocu Vietnam WiresharkIPv8.1 (doc) - CliffsNotes

Here are the solutions to the lab exercises: